Phototherapy is the use of apparent light to treat critical jaundice in the neonatal age. Nearly 60% of term infants and 85% preterm infants will exhibit clinically visible jaundice, which classically becomes visible on day 3, increase days 5-7 and resolves by 14 days of age in a term infant and by 21 days in the preterm baby. Treatment with phototherapy is performed in order to stop the neurotoxic forces of powerful serum unconjugated bilirubin. Phototherapy is a harmless, efficient method for lowering or stopping the rise of serum unconjugated bilirubin levels and decreases the necessity for transfer transfusion in neonates.
Please record that while drafting the TSB level onto the Phototherapy or Exchange Transfusion charts, in the presence of danger factors (sepsis, hemolysis, acidosis, asphyxia, hypoalbuminemia) TSB values should be framed on the scale 1 lower than the neonate’s gestational age/weight. That is because of the uncertainty of growing kernicterus rises in the presence of the above danger factors.
The Phototherapy and Exchange Transfusion charts onto which total SBR is considered are for the initial 7.5 and 5 days of life respectively. After the first 5-7 days renew using these charts, as levels plateau and can proceed to be documented.
During phototherapy, neonates need ongoing monitoring of:
Most of the time having a kid is a natural procedure. After a full-term reproduction, a lady goes into labor on or near her due date and gives birth to a strong infant. A day or two next she leaves the clinic to start day-to-day life with her expanding family. Although not all reproductions go easily. Few ladies undergo a high-risk pregnancy. A pregnancy is considered high-risk if there are potential difficulties that could harm both mom and kid. High-risk pregnancies need supervision by a specialist to assist ensure the best result for the mom and child.
1.Maternal Age: One of the common risk factors for a high-risk pregnancy will be the age of the woman. Ladies who will be below age 17 or above age 35 while their child is due are at higher risk of difficulties than those between their late teens and early 30s. The chance of miscarriage and genetic flaws further doubles after age 40.
2.Medical conditions that are before pregnancy: Conditions like increased BP; lung, kidney, or heart problems; diabetes; sexually transmitted diseases; such as HIV can be a risk for the mother and her unborn baby. A past of miscarriage, difficulties with the previous pregnancy or pregnancies, or a family history of genetic disorders is also risk factors for a high-risk pregnancy
If the woman has a medical condition, it is important to consult the doctor before the woman decides to become pregnant. The doctor may run a few tests, adjust medications, or advise to take precautions that are necessary to take to optimize the well-being of the mother and the child.
3.Medical conditions that occur during pregnancy: Even if the woman is healthy when she becomes pregnant, it is probable to develop or be diagnosed with obstacles during pregnancy that can harm the woman and the baby. Few common pregnancy-related problems are:
• Preeclampsia is a sign that involves high blood pressure, urinary protein, and swelling; it can be serious or even mortal for the mother or baby if not treated. With proper control, however, most women who exhibit preeclampsia have healthy kids.
• Gestational diabetes is the type of diabetes that usually occurs during pregnancy. Women with gestational diabetes may have healthy pregnancies and kids if they follow the medication treatment from the doctor. Normally diabetes resolves after delivery. Yet women with gestational diabetes are at raised risk of generating type 2 diabetes.
4.Pregnancy-related issues: Usually pregnancy is categorized as high risk because of problems that occur from the pregnancy and that hold little to do with the mom's health. These include:
• Premature labor is the labor that will start before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Although there is no means to identify which women will undergo preterm labor or delivery, there are factors that put women at higher risk, such as several infections, a compressed cervix, or past preterm delivery.
• Multiple births mean if a woman is carrying more than 1 baby. Many of the pregnancies, which are common as women are using more extra infertility treatments these days, improve the risk of premature labor, gestational diabetes, and pregnancy-induced high BP
• Placenta previa is the condition in which the placenta covers the cervix. This condition can create bleeding, mainly if a woman has contractions. If the placenta still covers the cervix close to delivery, the doctor might schedule a c-section to decrease bleeding risks.
• Fetal problems, which can be noticed on ultrasound. Around 2% to 3% of all infants have a minor or major basic problem in growth. Seldom there may be a family story of fetal difficulties, but some times certain problems are totally unexpected.
At no other time in life is nutrition as important as before, during, and following pregnancy. On the other hand, women can still eat foods that come in a box or a bag, eat out several times a week, or order pizza to go as long as they also follow a few simple eating-for-two dietary guidelines.
A Pregnant Woman Should Include in Her Daily Diet at Least:
1) Five servings of fresh fruits and vegetables (including at least one serving of a dark orange vegetable, two servings of dark green leafy vegetables, and one serving of citrus fruit)
2) Six servings of enriched, whole-grain breads and cereals. Three servings of nonfat or low-fat milk or milk products
3) Two to three servings of extra-lean meats, chicken without the skin, fish, or cooked dried beans and peas
4) Eight glasses of water
If you are breastfeeding, the food you eat helps your baby grow strong and healthy, too. Good eating habits and exercise will help you lose the weight you gained.
Eat a variety of foods. Try to eat a balanced diet of fruit, vegetables, grains, protein foods and diary each day
Drink plenty of liquids.Your body needs lot of fluid (about 6-10 glasses a day) especially if you are breastfeeding your baby. Drink mostly water, milk, and fruit juice.
Eat foods that have protein such as milk, cheese, yogurt, meat, fish and beans. Protein rich foods are important to help you recover from childbirth and keep your body strong. If you are under 18, or were underweight prior to pregnancy, you need to eat more protein.
Eat your fruits and vegetables. Try to make half your plate fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables have vitamins and minerals that keep you healthy. They also have fiber, which helps prevent constipation. Make sure to wash fruits and vegetables under running cold water before eating them.
Lose weight safely. Talk to your doctor about safely losing weight after your baby is born. Losing weight too quickly can affect your breast milk supply. Do not take diet pills. They contain harmful drugs that can be passed to your baby through breast milk.
Take prenatal vitamins. If you are breastfeeding, it is a good idea to continue to take your prenatal vitamins. Your doctor can prescribe these pills so that your health insurance will cover a portion of the cost.
Limit junk foods. Soda pop, cookies, donuts, potato chips and french fries are okay sometimes, but don’t let them take the place of healthy foods!
There are some foods and other substances that can be harmful to both you and your baby if you are breastfeeding.
Alcohol: Wine, wine coolers, beer, drinks like hard lemonade and other malt liquor beverages, shots and mixed drinks contain alcohol that passes to your baby through your breastmilk and can harm your baby’s brain and body development.
Caffeine: Caffeine is a stimulant that passes through breast milk to the baby and may affect growth. Caffeine is found in tea, coffee, chocolate, many soft drinks and over-the-counter medicines.
Swordfish, Shark, King Mackerel and Tilefish: These fish have high levels of a toxin called mercury. Mercury is harmful to your growing baby’s brain. If you eat tuna, it is okay to eat up to 6 ounces of canned tuna a week but make sure to choose light tuna.
Exercise helps you:
Once your doctor says it is okay to start exercising, there are many ways to be active.
Walking is a great way to exercise because it puts very little stress on your body. Your baby will probably enjoy being walked in a stroller too. Try walking briskly for 20-30 minutes every day or at least 3 times per week. Meet with a friend or other new moms to go walking. It’s good to get out of the house and connect with friends or other new mothers. You will enjoy the chance to talk about your baby or to just be with other adults!
Exercise classes are another fun way to get in shape and sometimes you can find a class that will include your baby. For example, look for a mom and baby yoga class in your area.
Designed By 
